Studies in Humanities
Alexandros Argyriadis; Olga Drakopoulou; Agathi Argyriadi
Abstract
The literature consistently emphasizes the significance of primary formal education in addressing social inequalities, fostering inclusivity, reducing stereotypes, and promoting critical thinking regarding discrimination, violence, and prejudice. However, the lack of specialized undergraduate studies ...
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The literature consistently emphasizes the significance of primary formal education in addressing social inequalities, fostering inclusivity, reducing stereotypes, and promoting critical thinking regarding discrimination, violence, and prejudice. However, the lack of specialized undergraduate studies for teachers raises questions about their cultural competence and their ability to effectively teach and cultivate appropriate attitudes and values. This research aimed to evaluate the cultural competence skills of preschool teachers, explore social inequalities, and develop an intervention plan. A quantitative study was conducted, involving the translation and validation of a cultural competence measurement scale, which was then administered to preschool teachers. The survey included 532 participants, consisting of 500 women and 32 men, with 27 individuals having received training or postgraduate specialization in intercultural education. Data analysis was performed using SPSS (v. 28). The study revealed that teachers possess a high level of knowledge in cultural matters and demonstrate good cultural awareness; however, their cultural abilities are limited. The survey results provide valuable insights for ongoing intervention design. In conclusion, while preschool teachers exhibit satisfactory theoretical knowledge of cultural work, weaknesses are identified in the acquisition of skills, attitudes, and behaviors.
Studies in Humanities
Khodadad Kariminasab
Abstract
The main issue of this article is to compare image in the poems of Nima and Forough Farrokhzad from the perspective of the romantic image. The romantic image of the epistemological and aesthetic nature is fundamentally different from the classical, symbolic, and surrealistic. The author has tried to ...
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The main issue of this article is to compare image in the poems of Nima and Forough Farrokhzad from the perspective of the romantic image. The romantic image of the epistemological and aesthetic nature is fundamentally different from the classical, symbolic, and surrealistic. The author has tried to explain the nature of the romantic image in three parts: In the first part, explains the special features of romantic imagery with the discussion of four characteristics: Transformation in nature, shadow of the image, dynamics, and individuality in the image. In the second section, the relationship between the images and the position of the image in the context of the poem is examined by two characteristics of continuity and maturity. The paper is based on a descriptive-analytical method based on a library method. Identifying how Persian poetry deals with literary schools and how the influence and role of image in this transformation and evolution is one of the most important goals of the research, which has received little attention. Literary schools in each period have been able to impose unique themes and methods of imagery in the Persian language, which can be traced in the form of modern imagery. One of the other goals of the research is to know the mutual influence of content and image in the form of contemporary literary schools and imagery. Furthermore, the role of the poet's creativity and social perspective on the process of illustration is examined.
Studies in Humanities
Masoud Mahmoudi
Abstract
Most people consider the speaking skill to be the most important language skill; Because it is more visible than other skills and directly affects communication with others. Due to the importance of this skill, many English language educational institutions emphasize it more than other skills or even ...
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Most people consider the speaking skill to be the most important language skill; Because it is more visible than other skills and directly affects communication with others. Due to the importance of this skill, many English language educational institutions emphasize it more than other skills or even organize free discussion courses so that students can gain a better command of English conversation. Speaking skill is the most important way of your communication with others, without which you will face major problems in a foreign country. For this reason, many people who intend to immigrate to an English-speaking country try to improve their speaking skills more than anything else. In order to be able to express your thoughts correctly when speaking, you need to know a lot of words and phrases. In fact, learning new words is one of the basic abilities in any language that helps the learner to expand his knowledge and strengthen his skills. In other words, learning words and phrases has a direct effect on strengthening all four skills of reading, listening, speaking and writing. However, it is better to remember that memorizing a large amount of aimless vocabulary and necessary techniques will not only not help your language knowledge, but can also cause confusion.
Studies in Humanities
Zahra Rezvani; Fatemeh Takhteh Mina; Amir Tokhmechi; Mahla Safi
Abstract
The main nutritional problems of the country are malnutrition due to low protein and energy intake (PEM), iodine deficiency, iron deficiency and anemia caused by it. Vitamin A deficiency and other deficiencies including B vitamins such as vitamin B2 and vitamin D deficiency have also been reported in ...
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The main nutritional problems of the country are malnutrition due to low protein and energy intake (PEM), iodine deficiency, iron deficiency and anemia caused by it. Vitamin A deficiency and other deficiencies including B vitamins such as vitamin B2 and vitamin D deficiency have also been reported in children. The increase in need during this period is significant, especially in children who need more nutrients and micronutrients such as iodine and iron in growth spurts. The difference in need between girls and boys, especially during puberty, is due to the difference in the age of puberty, and after that, the need for iodine and iron is higher in girls. But after puberty, the balance of hormones in boys is such that the growth of the thyroid gland stops due to iodine deficiency in them, but in girls, the need still exists until pregnancy. For this reason, after puberty, goiter is 5 to 6 times more common in women than men. The analysis of the findings shows that there is a significant difference between the learning level of students who have used proper nutrition and students who have not received proper nutrition. Also, the level of learning in students who are fed is higher than the level of learning of students who did not use proper nutrition.
Studies in Humanities
Zainab Sadat Hosseini
Abstract
Error patterns in these children are produced in a constant manner with specific errors. The performance of these children is poor in phonological awareness, trans linguistic and reading and writing tasks. Children with stable phonological disorders perform normally in oral motor tasks and speech motor ...
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Error patterns in these children are produced in a constant manner with specific errors. The performance of these children is poor in phonological awareness, trans linguistic and reading and writing tasks. Children with stable phonological disorders perform normally in oral motor tasks and speech motor planning. Children who show such errors have language-cognitive defects in linguistic rules. It may be difficult for children to learn to pronounce words correctly. This is actually a part of their growth process. Over time, their speaking skills gradually improve. Children at any age master certain words. Most children at the age of 8 can pronounce all the sounds of different letters well and correctly. But some children have problems in pronouncing the sounds of letters and words. This means that they are unable to pronounce some sounds and words that should be pronounced without problems at their age. This disorder makes it difficult for the child to understand the lessons. Disturbance in pronouncing sounds includes the child's "Phoneme expression disorder" and "Problem in phonological process": Phoneme expression disorder: In this type of speech disorder, it is difficult for the child to pronounce some sounds correctly. For example, pronunciation of phonemes that requires special movements of the tongue in the mouth. Like the vowels "L" and "R" are difficult for him. Disturbance in the phonological process: A child with this type of speech disorder has wrong repetitions in pronouncing words. For example, he does not pronounce some phonemes of a word.
Studies in Humanities
Alexandros Argyriadis; Olga Drakopoulou; Maria Athanasekou; Agathi Argyriadi
Abstract
The present research highlights the negative effects of the COVID-19 pandemic crisis on the entire population. However, greater signs of stress and inadequate self-management of children's emotions have been reported during childhood. This study aimed to design and implement an educational intervention ...
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The present research highlights the negative effects of the COVID-19 pandemic crisis on the entire population. However, greater signs of stress and inadequate self-management of children's emotions have been reported during childhood. This study aimed to design and implement an educational intervention titled "A Dragon with 19 Flying Wisps," targeting preschool students with typical and non-typical development. The ultimate goal was to promote students' mental health, help them manage their emotions during the pandemic, and support their overall development. The ethnographic method was employed, allowing for data collection through various means and facilitating multi-level data exchange and interaction. The study sample included 210 students, with 159 exhibiting typical development and 51 attending special schools or inclusion classes. The intervention yielded several positive outcomes, including student engagement, the tool adaptation into an inclusive resource for students with disabilities, the incorporation of new technologies, the academic advancement of schools, and the creation of a more supportive environment for managing pandemic-related challenges and students' emotions effectively. In conclusion, the intervention successfully achieved its goals and sparked interest from other schools, leading to its expansion beyond the initial implementation. This positive response can be attributed to the intervention's design and the chosen research methodology.
Studies in Humanities
Sahar Karimi
Abstract
The aim of this study is to model marital intimacy based on attachment styles and lovemaking styles mediated by the orientation of couples in Isfahan. From the target population, 276people were selected by simple random sampling method and based on inclusion and exclusion criteria, questionnaires were ...
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The aim of this study is to model marital intimacy based on attachment styles and lovemaking styles mediated by the orientation of couples in Isfahan. From the target population, 276people were selected by simple random sampling method and based on inclusion and exclusion criteria, questionnaires were provided to collect information. The questionnaires used in this study are Hendrik (1996), Love Styles Questionnaire, Loir Life Orientation Questionnaire (1994), Parents' Marital Intimacy Questionnaire (2006), and Collins-Vein Attachment Styles Scale (1990). Data analysis was performed using AMOS 24 software. The results showed that the model had a good fit in the sample after the necessary corrections. Before designing the structural equation model, the correlation between the research variables was investigated. The results indicate that the model of marital intimacy based on attachment style and lovemaking styles fits the mediating role of couple orientation in Isfahan. Results show that all fit indicators for the basic research model range from good to excellent; These results mean that the experimental data confirm the conceptual model of the present study. According to these results, the main hypothesis of the research is confirmed. 1- Lovemaking styles have a direct effect on marital intimacy of couples in Isfahan. 2- Marital intimacy has a direct and significant effect on attachment styles. 3- Attachment styles have a direct effect and has a significant effect on life orientation. 4- Lovemaking styles have a direct and significant effect on life orientation. 5- Marital intimacy has a direct and significant effect on life orientation.
Studies in Humanities
Hosein Farmani; Mona Shaban Sarvari
Abstract
Adaptability in teenagers as the most important sign of their mental health is one of the topics that has attracted the attention of many sociologists, psychologists and educators in recent decades. Social growth is the most important aspect of the growth of every person's existence, and the criterion ...
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Adaptability in teenagers as the most important sign of their mental health is one of the topics that has attracted the attention of many sociologists, psychologists and educators in recent decades. Social growth is the most important aspect of the growth of every person's existence, and the criterion for measuring the social growth of everyone is his compatibility with others. Adaptation, like physical, emotional and mental growth, is a continuous quantity and it gradually reaches perfection and is achieved naturally during life and in dealing with experiences. In other words, with the passing of childhood and entering adolescence, psycho-social development changes from a simple transformation to a profound and qualitative transformation, and by using social skills, a teenager can find his place among social interactions and relationships with peers and find adults and be socially accepted. Success in social acceptance leads to adaptability and may bring a person to the stage of social influence, which is a higher level than social acceptance, and at this stage, he can influence those around him. In the definition of compatibility, it can be said that compatibility means the relationship that exists between a person and his environment, especially the social environment, and enables him to respond to his needs and motivations.
Studies in Humanities
Semane Shakuri
Abstract
Choosing the right teaching method is one of the most effective measures that a teacher should take in order to increase the efficiency of his class. While even in today's modern educational world, many teachers and even university professors rely on the same traditional teacher-centered methods. New ...
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Choosing the right teaching method is one of the most effective measures that a teacher should take in order to increase the efficiency of his class. While even in today's modern educational world, many teachers and even university professors rely on the same traditional teacher-centered methods. New teaching methods are progressing and becoming more complete every day, and many researches are conducted by educational institutions in this field. With the advent of technology and the phenomenon of online education in the last two decades, the types of teaching methods have become even more diverse than at the end of the 20th century. One of the characteristics of a capable teacher is his correct recognition of how to present the lesson and how to present the material. A capable and successful teacher in a private class, by asking questions of his students, determines the level of literacy and previous knowledge of the students and their ability to learn the material, and teaches the material accordingly. Highly capable teachers know that students will not learn well if they only talk to themselves in the classroom. A successful teacher's teaching method is very flexible and depends on the student or students in the class. Students in the primary and first secondary level may be influenced by the teacher as much as their own parents. Correct and respectful behavior of teachers and university professors will provide a very good environment for learning in the classroom.
Studies in Humanities
Raziyeh Gholami Boroujeni; Amin Safarnejad Boroujeni
Abstract
Based on classical and neoclassical economic theories, efficiency has a direct relationship with risk, and considering that the purpose of forming companies is to obtain more efficiency, therefore risk-taking is in the essence of the corporate system. On the other hand, companies should apply a reasonable ...
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Based on classical and neoclassical economic theories, efficiency has a direct relationship with risk, and considering that the purpose of forming companies is to obtain more efficiency, therefore risk-taking is in the essence of the corporate system. On the other hand, companies should apply a reasonable level of risk-taking in order to insure themselves against damages caused by unreasonable risk-taking. The risk tolerance of companies is influenced by various factors. The current research was conducted with the aim of investigating the effect of voluntary disclosure of information on risk taking, considering the moderating role of managerial ownership. For this purpose, research hypotheses were tested by collecting information from 125 companies admitted to the Tehran Stock Exchange during the period of 2015 to 2021 and using the multivariable regression method. This research was applied from the point of view of the objective and the method of analysis was descriptive-correlation. The findings of the research showed that the level of voluntary disclosure of information has a positive and significant effect on the company's risk-taking. Also, the results of the research indicate that managerial ownership has strengthened the positive effect of the level of voluntary disclosure of information on the company's risk-taking.
Studies in Humanities
Laila Nokhostein Maher
Abstract
The results of the research showed that there is a direct relationship between the tendencies to risky behavior based on the religious attitude. The tendency to risky behavior based on religious attitude has an indirect relationship with the mediation of time perspective. The results of this research ...
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The results of the research showed that there is a direct relationship between the tendencies to risky behavior based on the religious attitude. The tendency to risky behavior based on religious attitude has an indirect relationship with the mediation of time perspective. The results of this research with Shokri et al. (2015), Amiri et al. (2016), Malakoti et al. (2017), Najarian Toosi, Talebian Sharif, Abd Khodaei (2019), Reininger (2005) are consistent. Risky behaviors are behaviors that endanger the health and well-being of teenagers and young people. Based on this, risky behaviors are divided into two groups, the first group includes behaviors that endanger the health of the individual, and the second group includes behaviors that threaten the health and well-being of other members of society. Therefore, since the level of vulnerability of teenagers and young people is higher compared to other age groups, there is a greater tendency towards this type of behavior. No society can claim health if it does not have healthy families. There is no doubt that none of the social harms are independent of the influence of the family. The family is the most basic institution for socializing children, especially in the early critical years of life. Under the right conditions, the family prepares children to realize their potential and to assume useful roles in society as adults. In the process of socialization in the family, children learn their parents' actions, imitation and imitation, which are the most important ways of transmitting social values, norms and traditions. Most psychologists, regardless of the school they believe in, consider interactions between parents and their children as the basis of emotional development. Parents' interactions with their children and their parenting methods are factors related to high-risk behaviors.
Studies in Humanities
Roholah Hosseini; Zinab Goodarzi
Abstract
From the past until now, the issue of work stress has been raised among all human societies and organizations. Healthcare organizations and hospitals are no exception to this. The purpose of this study was to investigate the status of stress in the population of hospital nurses. The present ...
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From the past until now, the issue of work stress has been raised among all human societies and organizations. Healthcare organizations and hospitals are no exception to this. The purpose of this study was to investigate the status of stress in the population of hospital nurses. The present research is a field-based survey. The nursing of the hospital were selected by random sampling method. For the measurement of variables (personal psychological pressure), Psychiatric symptoms questionnaires have been used. Given that, for data collection studies have been initially done on the sources of mental stress and stress that disturbs the state of stress, and then a Psychological Sensing questionnaire was designed. For data analysis, the standard Z method has been used. In addition, the standard Z method has been used for data analysis. Based on the evidence and data analysis, the Z-standard was rejected by the research hypothesis and psychological stress was high in the nursing staff of the hospital.
Studies in Humanities
Shima Sadat Ghasemi
Abstract
This article explores how social semiotic analysis promotes the field of critical discourse analysis and visual studies in EFL/ESL teaching materials, media, educational software packages, and also other language-related fields of study. At first glance, the article attempts to introduce social semiotics ...
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This article explores how social semiotic analysis promotes the field of critical discourse analysis and visual studies in EFL/ESL teaching materials, media, educational software packages, and also other language-related fields of study. At first glance, the article attempts to introduce social semiotics as a systematic methodology and discipline through summarizing theoretical backgrounds and methodological foundations. Secondly, it elaborates close relationships among the language, signs, and cultural values as meaning making resources and how these interrelated concepts are discussed in various studies in the past years. The article finally reviews a variety of studies done in this field and emphasizes that social semiotics is the key to highlight the hidden meanings usually imposed and dictated by higher institutions and cultural backgrounds. This article can be of potential help and use for those researchers who require a quick understanding of social semiotics and critical studies in language-related fields to conduct research in these areas.
Studies in Humanities
Sedigheh Musaei
Abstract
This study investigated the psychological aspects of skin problems. Stress sometimes causes the recurrence of skin disease and sometimes it causes behavior that worsens the appearance of skin disease. For example, a person with facial acne due to stress manipulates his/ or her acne more or makes skin ...
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This study investigated the psychological aspects of skin problems. Stress sometimes causes the recurrence of skin disease and sometimes it causes behavior that worsens the appearance of skin disease. For example, a person with facial acne due to stress manipulates his/ or her acne more or makes skin lesions itch more, which causes the occurrence of boils and further expansion is difficult. As a result of stress, hormones such as cortisol are released in the body, which increases the secretion of fat or the recurrence of pimples on the face and body. The skin is the first defense barrier of the body and acts as a physical barrier as well as the first location of defense cells to fight against bacteria, viruses, and infectious agents. Stress can cause an increase in the number of defense cells and their inappropriate activation in the skin, and as a result, it causes autoimmune reactions such as skin sensitivity and psoriasis, and the recurrence of inflammatory skin diseases. Coin baldness that is an autoimmune disease is effective. Stress can reduce the skin's resistance to infections by destroying the skin's defense barrier. In addition, by destroying the protective layer of the skin, it can aggravate the loss of water from the skin and increase the penetration of irritants and sensitizers into the skin. Stress can reduce the growth, division and differentiation of new cells in the skin, as well as prevent proper blood supply to the skin.
Studies in Humanities
Damavandi Afsoon
Abstract
In this new millennium, organizations across the globe still raise many issues of human relations. Some issues include racism, sexual orientation, workplace violence, interpersonal conflict, etc. Many of the scientific fields of interest to theorists have studied these problems. One of the most recent ...
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In this new millennium, organizations across the globe still raise many issues of human relations. Some issues include racism, sexual orientation, workplace violence, interpersonal conflict, etc. Many of the scientific fields of interest to theorists have studied these problems. One of the most recent organizational issues that has paid a lot of attention to attracted a lack of work or the same indignity and incivility at work. Civility at the workplace has been less noticeable investigating incivility, such a negative impact. The behavior of employees on the basis of efficiency, productivity, and productivity is reduced by time. Despite the increasing research, it has been shown that incivility is a problem in today's organizations. In this regard, 22 managers of public organization were interviewed as semi-structured method and analyzed in three stages of open, axial, and selective coding. This analysis led to the formation of 164 concepts, 17 categories, and 8 propositions that comprise the final model of research based on the Strauss and Corbin (1990) model of paradigm. The results indicate that organizational civility as a central issue and in interaction with cultural and value drivers (causal conditions), organizational support (interventional conditions), orbital planning (background or context), individual and organizational actions (strategies of action), and organizational productivity (outcomes). The interaction of these factors is shown in the final model of the research. In the end, based on this model, suggestions are given for processing the concept of organizational civility in public sector.
Studies in Humanities
Seyed Amir Mir Hosseini Baghdashti
Abstract
Man is inherently a social being, since he turned to group life as a necessity to overcome the violence of nature, to do better, and to obtain greater satisfaction. Aristotle considers man to be a social animal by nature. Durkheim considers belonging to a group to be the cause of satisfaction and character ...
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Man is inherently a social being, since he turned to group life as a necessity to overcome the violence of nature, to do better, and to obtain greater satisfaction. Aristotle considers man to be a social animal by nature. Durkheim considers belonging to a group to be the cause of satisfaction and character development. Hobbes and John locke believe that group life solves life problems and happiness and progress. Group life gives people a sense of belonging, security, and worth. Man has always felt happy to be with those around him and his relatives, and he has forgotten his sorrows and worries in public. The support of family and friends in times of crisis also brings comfort. Mesmer, who was instrumental in the emergence and expansion of group therapy, believed in the mysterious power of animal magnetism in the human body and, for the first time, used indoctrination to treat the mentally ill as a group. The regular and codified history of group therapy, which has been proposed in the nineteenth century, can be studied in the early period from 1905-1932 and the development period from 1932 to the present day, which has been studied in this paper.
Studies in Humanities
Mohammad Hossein Moradbeygi; Mohsen Abedi
Abstract
In this article, the validity of ordinary documents was examined in real estate transactions. Real estate transactions without setting up an official document are important issues that happen a lot. Today, most transactions that are regulated regarding immovable property are normal, and the conflict ...
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In this article, the validity of ordinary documents was examined in real estate transactions. Real estate transactions without setting up an official document are important issues that happen a lot. Today, most transactions that are regulated regarding immovable property are normal, and the conflict between social realities or registration regulations, etc. has caused many problems in the society and especially in the courts of law. According to articles 46 and 47 of the document registration law, many transfers regarding real estate interests must be registered. Otherwise, according to article 48 of the said law, such documents will not be accepted in any of the departments and courts. Scholars and jurists have expressed different opinions regarding the validity of ordinary documents in immovable transactions, and there is still no fixed and uniform judicial procedure between the courts. However, it seems that the courts have reached a consensus in some cases and adopted almost a fixed procedure. The interpretation of articles 46, 47, and 48 of the Real Estate Registration Law by lawyers and courts does not have the same unity, and on the other hand, the practice of courts and judges' interpretation of these articles are not the same and there are different opinions in this field.
Studies in Humanities
Akbar Bagheri
Abstract
The use of information and communication technology in various economic and commercial fields has made the tremendous effects of this phenomenon more visible than before. Many economic advantages of using information and communication technology in economy and commerce include saving exchange costs, ...
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The use of information and communication technology in various economic and commercial fields has made the tremendous effects of this phenomenon more visible than before. Many economic advantages of using information and communication technology in economy and commerce include saving exchange costs, increasing the productivity of enterprises and industries, changing the management and production processes of economic enterprises, reducing the cost of searching, more and easier and cheaper access to information, reducing market entry restrictions, more number of suppliers, increase in competition, decrease in monopoly profit, and decrease in cost and price of goods and commercial facilitation have caused increasing attention to this new phenomenon. International organizations under the leadership of the United Nations and its affiliated organizations such as UNCTAD and UN/CEFACT during the past few years by presenting standards and proposed strategies to the member countries, practical measures for the development of electronic commerce and its subcategories, i.e. electronic banking, transport, and electronic transfer of electronic insurance has been implemented in the world. Governments have also taken extensive measures to develop electronic commerce. In these countries, the dynamic and efficient private sector has taken center stage and uses the latest technical developments in its activities. On the other hand, in some advanced developing countries such as Southeast Asian countries, in addition to policy-making and macro-management, governments have provided extensive support for the development of business and electronic banking. The link with the global economy, appropriate economic reforms, development of human resources, economic, legal, technical, telecommunication and communication infrastructure, and a relatively efficient private sector have created suitable conditions for the development of business and electronic banking in these countries.
Studies in Humanities
Somaye Ghiasi; Abbas Abdollahi; Simin Hosseinian
Abstract
Marriage and marital satisfaction are two very important aspects in people's lives and many factors play a role in creating marital satisfaction. Therefore, the present research was conducted with the aim of investigating the moderating role of gender and the mediation of marital intimacy in relation ...
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Marriage and marital satisfaction are two very important aspects in people's lives and many factors play a role in creating marital satisfaction. Therefore, the present research was conducted with the aim of investigating the moderating role of gender and the mediation of marital intimacy in relation to people's attitudes towards love and marital satisfaction of married men and women in Sanghar city. The current study is of descriptive-correlation type and its statistical population is married men and women of Sanghar city, 224 samples participated in this research using available methods. The data were collected using the Love Attitude Questionnaire (LAS) by Hendrick and Hendrick (1998), Marital Intimacy by Bagaroosi (2001) and Marital Satisfaction by Enrich, Olson (1989) and using the Structural Equation Modeling method, using SPSS20 and PLS3 was analyzed. The analysis results showed that between the components of Eros (P = 0.48 and P < 0.001), Sturge (B = 0.19 and P < 0.001) and Agape (P = 0.23 and P < 0.001) There is a significant relationship with marital satisfaction, also, marital intimacy could play a partial mediating role for all three components of Eros (B = 0.76 and P <0.001), Storg (B = 0.37 and P < 0.001) and Agape (B = 0.32) and P <0.001) and gender also played a moderating role between research variables. Therefore, taking into account the effect of the gender factor, couples with closeness =They are more capable in dealing with problems and ultimately gain more satisfaction.
Studies in Humanities
Fatima Jahani; Samaneh Nowrozi
Abstract
This article examines the theories of anxiety on the chemical and defense system of the body. Anxiety is actually experienced by all people. Anxiety is a diffuse, very unpleasant, and often vague feeling that is often accompanied by symptoms of autonomic system such as chest tightness, palpitations, ...
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This article examines the theories of anxiety on the chemical and defense system of the body. Anxiety is actually experienced by all people. Anxiety is a diffuse, very unpleasant, and often vague feeling that is often accompanied by symptoms of autonomic system such as chest tightness, palpitations, sweating, headache, brief stomach discomfort, and restlessness characterized by inability to sit or stand. The total number of symptoms that exist during anxiety is different between people. The classification of anxiety disorders in psychology is justified by many obstacles, which are on the one hand, due to the gradual formation of the personality structure in the periods of transformation and the importance of communication issues in these periods, and on the other hand, they originate from the disagreement of different authors about the scope of anxiety disorders. Currently, due to the existence of such problems and despite the existence of different classifications, a specific classification approved by all psychologists and psychiatrists, that is, can cover the realm of anxiety disorders during the transformation period, avoid the risk of ignoring an anxiety disorder and it is not possible to investigate the risk factors and how the disorders evolve, and also to enable the correct evaluation of psychotherapy methods.
Studies in Humanities
Gholam Reza Goderzi; Hamzeh Isazadeh
Abstract
This article was aimed to achieve the factors of progress of martial arts teachers and trainers, and a qualitative method was used in the research method. The statistical population of the research was martial arts professors and university informants. The sampling method in the qualitative section was ...
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This article was aimed to achieve the factors of progress of martial arts teachers and trainers, and a qualitative method was used in the research method. The statistical population of the research was martial arts professors and university informants. The sampling method in the qualitative section was initially purposeful and judgmental, and then snowball sampling was used to collect information. In this research, theoretical saturation was reached by interviewing 21 people from the target samples. The tools of data collection were interviews and documents, and after coding and identifying the themes, the Dematel method was used to design and validate the model. Data analysis was done using related theme analysis methods, and then the data obtained from twenty-one interviews were coded and analyzed using the theorizing method of theme analysis. The results of theme analysis showed that grouping of codes has fifteen components and has three parts, including capacity building in trainers and previous learning as well as situation analysis, and competitors, etc. This research can be used as a basis for the advancement of martial arts teachers and trainers. In the environment of combat sports, the coach is considered as one of the main figures, thus the identification of the effective factors in the progress of teachers and coaches were extracted and confirmed, and the research framework was drawn and its suitability was confirmed. Sports managers are advised to pay attention to the coach as one of the most important success factors in combat sports.
Studies in Humanities
Mohammad Mousaei
Abstract
Abortion is one of the issues that has long been discussed in human societies and has been considered as one of the fundamental issues of the criminal law system with criminal law scientists. In this article, a descriptive-analytical method to medical abortion in Iran, Canada, and Europe Reflection of ...
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Abortion is one of the issues that has long been discussed in human societies and has been considered as one of the fundamental issues of the criminal law system with criminal law scientists. In this article, a descriptive-analytical method to medical abortion in Iran, Canada, and Europe Reflection of abortion has also had an impact on the views of lawyers and criminologists. Because other laws regarding abortion, despite new issues such as medical issues and social and economic issues, etc. are not in accordance with the customs and general ethics of societies and this important issue has prompted lawyers to consider issues and problems in the regulation of laws. In Iran's legal system, whose laws and regulations are derived from Imami jurisprudence, contrary to the legal systems of Western societies that consider abortion a proud sign of character and freedom of women, abortion is forbidden and punishable under the Islamic Penal Code. In Canada, there is almost no legal prohibition on abortion. In this regard, the present study aimed to review the laws of abortion in different countries of the world, change the position and logical flexibility of Iran and Canada as well as international documents on this social phenomenon and by briefly pointing to some social principles, and also strengthen the necessity of legal abortion license in these two countries. Abortion has long been a crime in Both Iran and Canada, and according to the new regulations, it is still a crime in Iran, but in Canada, it is only a crime when the law specifies it. Second, the results indicated that the punishment for abortion in each stage of pregnancy is different in Iran and Canada.
Studies in Humanities
Tahira Gholami
Abstract
The main purpose of this research is to investigate the effectiveness of metacognitive therapy and cognitive therapy on reducing depression and anxiety in single middle-aged men. This research is a field experiment. This plan is pre-test and post-test with control group. First, a number of unmarried ...
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The main purpose of this research is to investigate the effectiveness of metacognitive therapy and cognitive therapy on reducing depression and anxiety in single middle-aged men. This research is a field experiment. This plan is pre-test and post-test with control group. First, a number of unmarried middle-aged men, members of private associations, filled depression and anxiety questionnaires, and among them, 50 people with the highest levels of depression and anxiety were selected and randomly replaced in two groups. One group of unmarried middle-aged men were exposed to the experimental intervention and one group was considered as the control group. In general, based on the findings of the research, cognitive behavioral therapy group by improving symptoms and negative psychological reactions such as depression, feeling of loss, and loneliness can lead to an increase in men's hope, finding meaning in loss, reducing death, anxiety, and improving their attitude towards the future and yourself.
Studies in Humanities
Sahra Setorg
Abstract
Customer relationship management is a strategic necessity in all organizations, the effective implementation of which can increase customer satisfaction, loyalty, and attract them, resulting in more sales and repeat purchases. However, the implementation of CRM is not always accompanied by the expected ...
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Customer relationship management is a strategic necessity in all organizations, the effective implementation of which can increase customer satisfaction, loyalty, and attract them, resulting in more sales and repeat purchases. However, the implementation of CRM is not always accompanied by the expected results because the attitude of many organizations towards CRM is from a technological viewpoint. Therefore, managers of organizations have paid special attention to find out the factors that create success in CRM since identifying these key elements can help organizations to implement it more successfully. The process of identifying factors influencing the successful implementation of CRM should be based on several criteria and components. By changing the paradigm from product-oriented to customer-oriented and given that in today's competitive environment, the use of traditional marketing methods has created many limitations for organizations, customer relationship management to create a special relationship with customers and create value. It is mostly provided for organizations. In the past, customers expected timely delivery, good quality, and cheap goods and services from manufacturers. Business was mostly relationship-oriented and middlemen were powerful in the distribution chain. With the wide distribution of products, the main competition was on maintaining the service and product development to the customer and facilitating the customer's purchase, not maintaining the relationship with the existing customers. However today, organizations operate in a dynamic and complex environment, the competition between organizations has increased, the life cycle of products has decreased, and the life cycle of organizations is reaching its decline stage faster.
Studies in Humanities
Sahra Setorg
Abstract
This study has examined the strategic development of human resources in contemporary management. The biggest challenge of organizations in the 21st century is competition based on expensive resources, which determines the survival and growth of organizations. Resources can be classified as management, ...
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This study has examined the strategic development of human resources in contemporary management. The biggest challenge of organizations in the 21st century is competition based on expensive resources, which determines the survival and growth of organizations. Resources can be classified as management, human power, land, and capital resources. Among these resources, management and human resources have a special place and importance in such a way that currently, the competitive advantage of many countries is in the capable human force that is responsible for the optimal use of other resources. Human resources are the most important capital and competitive advantage of any organization, and their knowledge, skills and abilities should always be improved. The development of human resources in every organization requires a specific strategy and implementation solutions. The development of human resources and the employees empowerment is one of the effective tools for increasing productivity and optimal use of their individual and group capacities and abilities in line with organizational goals and to better express organizational efficiency and effectiveness. Efficiency and effectiveness as the output of human and organizational systems are realized when the work and behavioral processes are modified and the processes can be easily managed. Therefore, the identification, understanding, and management of human, behavioral and work processes seem necessary and logical and improve the efficiency and effectiveness of the organization in achieving its goals.
