Studies in Social Science
Alexandros Argyriadis; Olga Drakopoulou; Maria Athanasekou; Agathi Argyriadi
Abstract
The present research highlights the negative effects of the COVID-19 pandemic crisis on the entire population. However, greater signs of stress and inadequate self-management of children's emotions have been reported during childhood. This study aimed to design and implement an educational intervention ...
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The present research highlights the negative effects of the COVID-19 pandemic crisis on the entire population. However, greater signs of stress and inadequate self-management of children's emotions have been reported during childhood. This study aimed to design and implement an educational intervention titled "A Dragon with 19 Flying Wisps," targeting preschool students with typical and non-typical development. The ultimate goal was to promote students' mental health, help them manage their emotions during the pandemic, and support their overall development. The ethnographic method was employed, allowing for data collection through various means and facilitating multi-level data exchange and interaction. The study sample included 210 students, with 159 exhibiting typical development and 51 attending special schools or inclusion classes. The intervention yielded several positive outcomes, including student engagement, the tool adaptation into an inclusive resource for students with disabilities, the incorporation of new technologies, the academic advancement of schools, and the creation of a more supportive environment for managing pandemic-related challenges and students' emotions effectively. In conclusion, the intervention successfully achieved its goals and sparked interest from other schools, leading to its expansion beyond the initial implementation. This positive response can be attributed to the intervention's design and the chosen research methodology.
Studies in Humanities
Fatemeh Momeni
Abstract
The present study, entitled "Children 's role modeling and behavior with regard to the important and vital role of the media", tries to investigate the positive effects and negative consequences of children' s dependence on television. Communication between individuals, which causes the transfer of concepts, ...
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The present study, entitled "Children 's role modeling and behavior with regard to the important and vital role of the media", tries to investigate the positive effects and negative consequences of children' s dependence on television. Communication between individuals, which causes the transfer of concepts, thoughts and information from one person to another, is the main condition for the emergence and continuation of collective life; Because the collective life of human beings has no meaning without the existence of values, norms, goals and even conflicts that arise through communication. In addition, the emergence and perpetuation of group (social) values, norms, cultural content, as well as social learning processes and at the same time social contradictions, arise only through communication. Individuals need to be aware of the goals, intentions, awareness, and thinking of others in order to be able to respond to them. Although speech is the most common way of communicating between people, it is done in different ways. It should be noted that non-verbal communication also plays a major role in communication between individuals.
Studies in Humanities
Sahar Karimi
Abstract
The aim of this study is to model marital intimacy based on attachment styles and lovemaking styles mediated by the orientation of couples in Isfahan. From the target population, 276people were selected by simple random sampling method and based on inclusion and exclusion criteria, questionnaires were ...
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The aim of this study is to model marital intimacy based on attachment styles and lovemaking styles mediated by the orientation of couples in Isfahan. From the target population, 276people were selected by simple random sampling method and based on inclusion and exclusion criteria, questionnaires were provided to collect information. The questionnaires used in this study are Hendrik (1996), Love Styles Questionnaire, Loir Life Orientation Questionnaire (1994), Parents' Marital Intimacy Questionnaire (2006), and Collins-Vein Attachment Styles Scale (1990). Data analysis was performed using AMOS 24 software. The results showed that the model had a good fit in the sample after the necessary corrections. Before designing the structural equation model, the correlation between the research variables was investigated. The results indicate that the model of marital intimacy based on attachment style and lovemaking styles fits the mediating role of couple orientation in Isfahan. Results show that all fit indicators for the basic research model range from good to excellent; These results mean that the experimental data confirm the conceptual model of the present study. According to these results, the main hypothesis of the research is confirmed. 1- Lovemaking styles have a direct effect on marital intimacy of couples in Isfahan. 2- Marital intimacy has a direct and significant effect on attachment styles. 3- Attachment styles have a direct effect and has a significant effect on life orientation. 4- Lovemaking styles have a direct and significant effect on life orientation. 5- Marital intimacy has a direct and significant effect on life orientation.
Studies in Social Science
Omobolaji Oluwamuyiwa Afolabi; Sharon Ayeinda Jumbo; Chidima Maureen Orji
Abstract
Communities Advancing Resilience Toolkit (CART) is a comprehensive surveying tool for assessing the community's resilience and identifying the strength and challenges of the community towards resilience capacity. The study assessed the community resilience of the hazard-induced urban community in Nigeria. ...
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Communities Advancing Resilience Toolkit (CART) is a comprehensive surveying tool for assessing the community's resilience and identifying the strength and challenges of the community towards resilience capacity. The study assessed the community resilience of the hazard-induced urban community in Nigeria. The version of CART adopted enlisted 27 items of core community resilience and community attributes which represented critical components in an urban community and were randomly administered among urban dwellers. Survey outcome deduced that the domain "connection and caring" was deduced as the community resilience strength domain (mean= 3.18, SD= 0.38). In contrast, the item deduced as the strength of the community was "people feeling of belonging in the community", with the highest agreement of 63.3% (mean= 3.63, SD= 1.35). The domain "disaster management" was deduced as the community resilience challenge (mean= 3.06, SD= 0.63), while the item deduced as the challenge of the community was "community has services and programs to help people after a disaster", which recorded the lowest agreement and highest disagreement of 69.3% (mean= 2.13, SD= 1.13). The community attribute assessment items indicated that "necessary healthcare services availability" has the highest agreement (61.3%, Mean= 3.48, SD= 1.25) while the item "availability of leadership opportunities in the community" has the lowest agreement (42.7%, Mean= 3.32, SD= 1.24). Expanding the surveying process of the CART application can provide key information in a resilient building; hence, the need for continuous improvement on such application to further improve the study of community resilience.
Studies in Humanities
Sanaz Zamani
Abstract
Behavioral psychologist Skinner believes that severe punishment for children and adolescents for misbehavior may temporarily eliminate the child, but in most cases leads to retaliatory and socially compensatory behaviors or other emotional problems. What teachers allow children to do, on the one hand, ...
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Behavioral psychologist Skinner believes that severe punishment for children and adolescents for misbehavior may temporarily eliminate the child, but in most cases leads to retaliatory and socially compensatory behaviors or other emotional problems. What teachers allow children to do, on the one hand, causes emotional problems and behavioral conflicts, and on the other hand, creates a disturbing relationship between the teacher and the student, making it difficult to reconstruct and repair it, and sometimes out of reach. In such a situation, the child may give the negative image he has of the punishing teacher to other teachers in the learning environment and even the physical space of the school. Aggressive and emotional teachers who cannot control their behavior with severe and frequent punishments will have adverse effects on their students' adaptation and will stimulate their resistance in learning lessons.
Studies in Humanities
Farideh Mohammadkhani Orouji; Zahra Saeid
Abstract
Adam Smith, the great economist of the world in the eighteenth century, with a proposal on the relationship between education and human capital, pioneered a debate that took more than 200 years to find its true place as a collection of scientific research and in the form of economics. Awareness of the ...
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Adam Smith, the great economist of the world in the eighteenth century, with a proposal on the relationship between education and human capital, pioneered a debate that took more than 200 years to find its true place as a collection of scientific research and in the form of economics. Awareness of the relationship between education and economic growth has led many people to seek their own advancement and the well-being of society, and a huge movement has emerged to gain more knowledge, insight, skills, and information. Amazing and competitive changes in countries around the world in achieving economic development and social welfare as soon as possible and the impact of these developments on various social contexts in the last three decades in Iran have led to more attention to the role and functions of public and higher education. Increasing the role of the education system in the dynamics of social life, the need to pay attention to economic functions and its "cost-benefit analysis" has doubled for the government and the people because increasing social demand for education has increased the amount of education spending in government and household budgets.
Studies in Humanities
Zeynab Soltani
Abstract
Traditionally, the issue of "law governing private international contracts" has long been one of the most significant issues of laws conflict and at present, its importance has increased with the development of trade and commerce. The Iranian legislature has also addressed this issue in the second volume ...
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Traditionally, the issue of "law governing private international contracts" has long been one of the most significant issues of laws conflict and at present, its importance has increased with the development of trade and commerce. The Iranian legislature has also addressed this issue in the second volume of the Civil Code and has laid down Article 968 of this law as a rule regarding transactions, and apparently accepts the theory of "rule of law at the conclusion place" over contractual obligations, in exceptional cases. It also respects the will role of parties in recognizing the governing law. However in recent years, in light of recent developments in international law, legislators and, in some cases, jurisprudence have aligned them with legal doctrine and taken steps to adopt the latter theory. An examination of the French legal system indicates that by acceding to the 1980 Rome Convention, France has accepted the most important rule in Article 1 of the Convention, which is the "freedom of contracting parties to private international law to choose the law governing contractual obligations" and, except in cases the exception mentioned in the following articles of this Convention, this rule has caused a great change in the contract law of this country; However, before that, the judiciary of this country, with emphasis on the principles of free economy and capitalism, has more or less paid attention to this important and valuable rule.
Studies in Humanities
Maryam Bastani
Abstract
As the manifestations of culture, both legend and myth have a direct and close relationship with the ethnic creativity, and herein, the concept of creativity conveys something as an artistic creation. It may not be correct to assert that both myth and art are two sides of the same coin. Based on the ...
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As the manifestations of culture, both legend and myth have a direct and close relationship with the ethnic creativity, and herein, the concept of creativity conveys something as an artistic creation. It may not be correct to assert that both myth and art are two sides of the same coin. Based on the common intentions and the goals which discriminate these two expressions, one is the method of presentation, i.e., the so-called expressive container between them, and the other is that creativity and the collective conscience is the myth creator and the main parameter of the emergence of the artistic work, is the individual creation, while based on the ultimate goal, both belong to the community and culture. The present research aimed to investigate “the mythical symbols in Nezami’s Khamsa”. After data collection, the mythical symbols were extracted from this source, and then they are categorized and explained based on various themes.
Studies in Humanities
Hosein Farmani; Mona Shaban Sarvari
Abstract
Adaptability in teenagers as the most important sign of their mental health is one of the topics that has attracted the attention of many sociologists, psychologists and educators in recent decades. Social growth is the most important aspect of the growth of every person's existence, and the criterion ...
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Adaptability in teenagers as the most important sign of their mental health is one of the topics that has attracted the attention of many sociologists, psychologists and educators in recent decades. Social growth is the most important aspect of the growth of every person's existence, and the criterion for measuring the social growth of everyone is his compatibility with others. Adaptation, like physical, emotional and mental growth, is a continuous quantity and it gradually reaches perfection and is achieved naturally during life and in dealing with experiences. In other words, with the passing of childhood and entering adolescence, psycho-social development changes from a simple transformation to a profound and qualitative transformation, and by using social skills, a teenager can find his place among social interactions and relationships with peers and find adults and be socially accepted. Success in social acceptance leads to adaptability and may bring a person to the stage of social influence, which is a higher level than social acceptance, and at this stage, he can influence those around him. In the definition of compatibility, it can be said that compatibility means the relationship that exists between a person and his environment, especially the social environment, and enables him to respond to his needs and motivations.
Studies in Humanities
Mehdi Hedayatnia; Somayeh Sadat Alavian; Milad Kakaie Sarjobi; Hadi Sanaeifard; Saeed Azizi; Salar Derakhshan
Abstract
The topic of employee professional development was first addressed by Gardiner et al., 2000 in charge of professional development at York University. This research study aims to investigate the relationship between educational leadership and teacher self-efficacy in the professional development of Shandong ...
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The topic of employee professional development was first addressed by Gardiner et al., 2000 in charge of professional development at York University. This research study aims to investigate the relationship between educational leadership and teacher self-efficacy in the professional development of Shandong elementary school teachers. The research method is descriptive-correlational. The statistical population consists of 1260 Shandong elementary school teachers. To determine the sample size based on Morgan table, a sample of 374 (104 male and 270 female) was selected using a cluster sampling method. Descriptive statistics (mean and standard deviation) and inferential statistics (one-sample t-test, Pearson correlation, and multivariate regression) were used to analyze the data. The educational Leadership Questionnaire from Standard, the self-efficacy questionnaire, and the teachers' professional development questionnaire was used for data collection. Professors and experts confirmed the validity of the questionnaires. The reliability of the questionnaires was obtained using Cronbach's alpha coefficient for educational leadership (0.92) and the self-efficacy questionnaire (0.78) as well as for professional development (0.97). The results revealed that the educational leadership variable with the highest impact with beta (BETA = 0.49) and self-efficacy with the negligible impact (BETA = 0.14) predict the professional development variable. The mean scores of educational leadership, self-efficacy, and professional development are above average. There is a significant relationship between educational leadership and self-efficacy in professional development.
Studies in Humanities
Salem Hassan
Abstract
After the introduction of the press as a mass media into the lives of people in the community, due to technical advances, the entry of other mass media became possible. Television, sometimes referred to as the most powerful "media", entered social life after World War II, around 1946. The reception of ...
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After the introduction of the press as a mass media into the lives of people in the community, due to technical advances, the entry of other mass media became possible. Television, sometimes referred to as the most powerful "media", entered social life after World War II, around 1946. The reception of this media was extremely high; So that today in industrialized countries, as well as among the middle classes of non-industrialized countries, not only most households have a TV set, but in some cases second and third TV sets have entered the house so that each family member, without disturbing For others to be able to watch their own program. In recent decades, newer phenomena in the field of mass communication have made it possible to change the habits of watching television. The number of television stations allows viewers to choose between multiple transmitters, and the presence of video and the ability to record television programs reduces the time dependence of individuals on television and allows them to watch the program at any time. The expansion of satellites will also bring about major changes. But these new phenomena have not yet brought about fundamental changes in the habits of watching television, and it is likely that over time, the changes in this field will be clearly visible.
Studies in Humanities
Farideh Mohammadkhani Orouji; Zahra Saeid
Abstract
Social phobia evolved from behaviorism, and its spread was the result of a critique of what is called inflexibility and the simplistic ideas of pure behaviorism. Bandura supports the theory that fear and anxiety are learned, but enumerates four social mechanisms for learning: First, fear may be learned ...
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Social phobia evolved from behaviorism, and its spread was the result of a critique of what is called inflexibility and the simplistic ideas of pure behaviorism. Bandura supports the theory that fear and anxiety are learned, but enumerates four social mechanisms for learning: First, fear may be learned through classical conditioning in exactly the same way as described. Second, according to Bandura, the proxy experience can be considered important. This process is also called role modeling. Third, symbolic education, which refers to learning through education, reading, or saying that certain things are threatening, painful, or forbidden. Fourth, Bandura also refers to symbolic logic, which is potentially important in creating anxiety. One may conclude that something is dangerous. This process may be logical or irrational. Therefore, social cognitive learning theories emphasize the importance of combining learning principles with the role of individual thinking and reasoning in causing anxiety disorders. Social phobia is common in all cultures and its six-month prevalence is about 2 to 3 percent.
Studies in Social Science
Amarjit Singh
Abstract
From historical times Indian society has seen atrocities based on the caste ideology. Caste has been studied from different frames by different intellectuals in academia and sociology and anthropology being an important discipline in studying it. Cinema as an art form and seen as a reflection of the ...
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From historical times Indian society has seen atrocities based on the caste ideology. Caste has been studied from different frames by different intellectuals in academia and sociology and anthropology being an important discipline in studying it. Cinema as an art form and seen as a reflection of the society which represents the different aspects of the society through a cinematic lens gives the societal subject a totally different frame to see and observe the society for the people living in the same society where social problems like Casteism exists. Indian cinema has reflected the concept of caste through different angles and connotations like untouchability, honor killing in the situations of inter-caste marriage, and difference of problems in different locations like rural & urban and people dealing it with a difference. Thus, this paper focuses on and tries to understand the caste hierarchy represented in the cinema and the history and memory of Indian cinema. The study focuses on different decades of cinema generally from the 1980s to the current era and will try to explain how cinema has used the concept of caste in showcasing the practice and discrimination around it and the changes in the mindset of people while discussing the caste. For this work, a qualitative research method has been used. Films such as Achhut Kanya, Damul, Aakrosh, Sairat, Masaan, Court, Chandidas, Sujata, Ankur, etc from different decades have been studied and analyzed.
Studies in Humanities
Farahan Sultanai
Abstract
All human stress is seen as a process in which people's thoughts, emotions, physics, behaviors, and experiences are involved. Theories about the causes and sequence of parenting stress are different from other stress theories because, in parenting stress theory, there are external causal causes (parenting ...
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All human stress is seen as a process in which people's thoughts, emotions, physics, behaviors, and experiences are involved. Theories about the causes and sequence of parenting stress are different from other stress theories because, in parenting stress theory, there are external causal causes (parenting role) or other active causal causes, namely the child or children who are responsible for the parents. It is very clear how dependent children, especially infants, are on their parents. These dependencies often create a wide range of immediate and ongoing responsibilities for parents (eg, the child's crying and needs). To food, comfort, and attention, which they did not experience before the baby was born. Sometimes these experiences go beyond the immediate needs of the child's survival and are tied to the parents' emotional-social attitude towards the child. It is the child's misbehavior, such as destructive and hostile behaviors, occasional complaints, pro-activeness, and shortness of breath. Or it may even be that they have a chronic illness and are being treated with medication. This includes emotional arousal in parents. This arousal in turn leads to parental attention and presence to eliminate responsibilities and demands. , Will be answered effectively by the parents, and the child's needs will be answered correctly and without stress by the parents before he can help himself. In such an atmosphere, the child will be considered and the parents will be very likely. They become more motivated to assess the child's needs to eliminate or reduce harmful behaviors.
Studies in Humanities
Kaveh Moradi; Parisa Ghiasi; Zhila Azizi Aliabadi; Hadi Sanaeifard; Somaye Belmaneh; Mehdi Hedayatnia
Abstract
Teacher training centers have an effective role in facilitating learning and the effectiveness of the teaching process by offering new curricula tailored to the human dimension. Educational systems, in the transition from quantitative issues and the generalization of education, have inevitably paid attention ...
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Teacher training centers have an effective role in facilitating learning and the effectiveness of the teaching process by offering new curricula tailored to the human dimension. Educational systems, in the transition from quantitative issues and the generalization of education, have inevitably paid attention to the quality issues of educational phenomena and have improved the quality of education through the main factor in an educational system, namely the "teacher". The concept of teacher professional development has emerged since the middle of the twentieth century with the need to implement reforms in educational systems. In generalizing this concept, research findings and comparative study of educational systems have had a great impact. This main contribution of this study is reviewing and determining the desired criteria and characteristics of teachers in the field of information and communication technology with emphasis on e-learning environment in IRAN. ICT means the use of electronic devices such as cameras, video, audio devices, computers And the Internet. In this article, for philosophical, social and psychological reasons, the teacher education curriculum based on information technology (ICT) has been examined. Then, a proposed model of curriculum development based on ICT is discussed and the professional qualifications of teachers are examined.
Studies in Humanities
Semane Shakuri
Abstract
Choosing the right teaching method is one of the most effective measures that a teacher should take in order to increase the efficiency of his class. While even in today's modern educational world, many teachers and even university professors rely on the same traditional teacher-centered methods. New ...
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Choosing the right teaching method is one of the most effective measures that a teacher should take in order to increase the efficiency of his class. While even in today's modern educational world, many teachers and even university professors rely on the same traditional teacher-centered methods. New teaching methods are progressing and becoming more complete every day, and many researches are conducted by educational institutions in this field. With the advent of technology and the phenomenon of online education in the last two decades, the types of teaching methods have become even more diverse than at the end of the 20th century. One of the characteristics of a capable teacher is his correct recognition of how to present the lesson and how to present the material. A capable and successful teacher in a private class, by asking questions of his students, determines the level of literacy and previous knowledge of the students and their ability to learn the material, and teaches the material accordingly. Highly capable teachers know that students will not learn well if they only talk to themselves in the classroom. A successful teacher's teaching method is very flexible and depends on the student or students in the class. Students in the primary and first secondary level may be influenced by the teacher as much as their own parents. Correct and respectful behavior of teachers and university professors will provide a very good environment for learning in the classroom.
Studies in Social Science
Mana Aleahmad
Abstract
Translating irony has always been challenging as it relates to each nation culture and language background. So, to fulfill this job, special strategies are needed to guide the translators to find suitable equivalences for the first language ironies to be translated to the second language. In this research ...
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Translating irony has always been challenging as it relates to each nation culture and language background. So, to fulfill this job, special strategies are needed to guide the translators to find suitable equivalences for the first language ironies to be translated to the second language. In this research strategies for translating verbal and situational ironies in written texts are investigated. To narrow down the job, four short stories by Ernest Hemingway were chosen as the English written texts, namely; The Killers, Hills like White Elephants, Fifty Grand, The Snows of Kilimanjaro. For each story two Persian versions were considered: The Killers translated by Ahmad Golshiri and Reza Gheysariyyeh, Hills like White Elephants translated by Ahmad Golshiri and Araz Barseghian, Fifty Grand translated by Bahman Sholehvar and Sirous Tahbaz and The Snows of Kilimanjaro translated by Mohammadreza Khoubsefat and Shojaeddin Shafa . The model of translation strategies proposed by Mona Baker (1992) is considered as the framework. The result of the total frequency count of the strategies adopted in translating the ironies by the translators show that the most common strategies which are used by these translators to translate English verbal and situational ironies into Persian are using cultural equivalences and using general or neutral equivalences for English words and phrases.
Studies in Humanities
Martin Alphin
Abstract
Job stress has serious consequences for both workers and employers. Stress is an effective factor in organizational inefficiency, manpower turnover, job absenteeism, reduction in quality and quantity of work, increase in health care costs and decrease in job satisfaction. Numerous studies over the past ...
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Job stress has serious consequences for both workers and employers. Stress is an effective factor in organizational inefficiency, manpower turnover, job absenteeism, reduction in quality and quantity of work, increase in health care costs and decrease in job satisfaction. Numerous studies over the past few decades have shown that organizational or occupational tasks that are fraught with overwork and excessive needs and responsibilities lead to many health risks. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between job stress and mental health by emphasizing the mediating role of coping strategies in formal and contractual experts of Zanjan Jihad Agricultural Organization, because the Ministry of Jihad Agriculture is one of the most important and key ministries. It is the government that has great missions in the field of food security and self-sufficiency in the production of basic products and export development of agricultural products, following the various principles of the country's constitution, the provisions of the 20-year vision document, and many articles of the Fourth Development Plan law. It is responsible for providing natural resources and growth opportunities of 6.5% in the agricultural sector.
Studies in Humanities
Leila Hosseinzadeh Cham Gordani
Abstract
Religious and Qur'anic teaching seeks to alter the individuals’ beliefs for a particular type of action and behavior based on the rules of religion, Islam and the Qur'an from the darkness of animalism to the light of humanity. The difference between education in Islam and the West is due to the ...
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Religious and Qur'anic teaching seeks to alter the individuals’ beliefs for a particular type of action and behavior based on the rules of religion, Islam and the Qur'an from the darkness of animalism to the light of humanity. The difference between education in Islam and the West is due to the difference of goals. The view of Islam is fundamentally different from the West one towards human beings, so much so that in these two types of views, the happiness definition for human beings is various. Consequently, educational goals will be different. Islam and the West each regulate their view of the family based on their worldview, and values in the family system are regulated based on this comprehensuive viewpoint. The bottom line is that parenting is a two-way street, just as parents are being educated in the process both as an educational model and as a religious task. The research method is analytical-descriptive in which the information is collected in the form of library –based studyand document references related to the research topic. The results of descriptive analysis of research data indicate that education has been one of the topics of interest to different religions and schools during the centuries and eras and religious and Quranic education has indicators, features, principles, methods and special methods to practice teachings. The religion of Islam and the Qur'an removes its obstacles and deterrents.
Studies in Humanities
Mohammad Khodakaramian; Somaye Belmaneh; Somayeh Sadat Alavian; Hadi Sanaeifard; Zhila Azizi Aliabadi; Mehdi Hedayatnia
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to determine the effectiveness of teachers' game education in correcting the operational problems of first-grade elementary students in the west of Asia. This research is quasi-experimental with pre-test and post-test designs with an unequal control group. The statistical ...
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The purpose of this study is to determine the effectiveness of teachers' game education in correcting the operational problems of first-grade elementary students in the west of Asia. This research is quasi-experimental with pre-test and post-test designs with an unequal control group. The statistical population consisted of all first-grade students of cities in the academic year of 1998-99 with 987 students. The sampling method was multi-stage cluster random sampling, and the research method was quasi-experimental, selected in each group of 10 people. Then, the word game training course was performed in 13 sessions, twice a week, for 30 min. The researcher-made test of operational problems was used to collect data. The results based on the findings revealed that the training course on wordplay is effective in improving the verbal errors related to visual, auditory, and accuracy and attention, as well as non-writing and its significance level, is 0.001. According to the results, wordplay affects errors of elementary school students, When students receive this game, their writing skills and auditory memory will improve, and they will remember things better.
Studies in Humanities
Farahan Sultanai
Abstract
Metacognitive knowledge refers to the beliefs and moral theories that individuals have about their thinking, such as beliefs about the meaning of a particular type of thought and beliefs about the effectiveness of memory and cognitive control. It is useful to consider both explicit and implicit metacognitive ...
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Metacognitive knowledge refers to the beliefs and moral theories that individuals have about their thinking, such as beliefs about the meaning of a particular type of thought and beliefs about the effectiveness of memory and cognitive control. It is useful to consider both explicit and implicit metacognitive knowledge, especially in the context of emotional disorder. Explicit metacognitive knowledge is conscious knowledge. For example, people with generalized anxiety disorder believe that worrying is uncontrollable and dangerous, and some believe that worrying can have benefits. Patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder believe that they have certain thoughts that lead to negative events or unwanted actions, and people with depression have positive beliefs about rumination. Implicit metacognitive knowledge is usually not conscious and cannot be expressed verbally. This knowledge includes the rules or designs that guide the process, such as paying attention, searching in memory, and using exploratory measures and bias in judgment. Considering this knowledge as a method or design for information processing is useful, and such metacognitive designs may be important at least as news knowledge in emotional disorder.
Studies in Social Science
Yeshi Dorji; Puran Gurung
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to explore the student perceptions of women's presidency within the Forum for National and International Awareness (FINA), which is the highest student governing body at Sherubtse College. This research will help to clarify the existing structure of the president at ...
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The purpose of this study is to explore the student perceptions of women's presidency within the Forum for National and International Awareness (FINA), which is the highest student governing body at Sherubtse College. This research will help to clarify the existing structure of the president at Sherubtse College. A purposeful non-random sampling strategy will be used to collect and analyze data, with a total of six selected students. Semi-structured interviews will be conducted using Facebook Messenger as the medium for data collection. While taking notes, the replies will be captured using Messenger's Audio function. The captured data will be meticulously analyzed using open coding, axial coding, and selective coding approaches. The existence of discrimination within students' views towards voting a woman president for FINA is expected to be determined through this extensive investigation. Furthermore, the study intends to offer insight on how common conventional views about women's inadequacy in leadership roles influence students' decision-making mentality, particularly when it comes to choose women to the leadership positions.
Studies in Social Science
Olushola I. T Yemi-Jonathan; Andrew A. Obafemi; Omobolaji Oluwamuyiwa Afolabi
Abstract
Emergency preparedness requires actions from both institutions and individuals. Like a weak link in a chain, individual preparedness, behaviors, and predisposition to play an essential role in emergencies determine the level of effectiveness of such preparedness. This study aimed to assess the attitude, ...
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Emergency preparedness requires actions from both institutions and individuals. Like a weak link in a chain, individual preparedness, behaviors, and predisposition to play an essential role in emergencies determine the level of effectiveness of such preparedness. This study aimed to assess the attitude, behavior, and knowledge of religious organizations (congregations) on emergency preparedness. The study was conducted using a cross-sectional research design, and primary data was collected with a questionnaire which was analyzed through descriptive statistics. Four hundred respondents (congregants) were sampled across the zonal headquarters of 5 major churches within the Port Harcourt metropolis. The result revealed that the significant source of information about emergency preparedness was television (38.25%), and churches are not prepared for an emergency (56.0%).Furthermore, most respondents never experienced any emergency (67.75%); however, perceived that churches are doing what they can to prevent emergency events around them (72.25%). The respondents indicated adequate knowledge about emergencies (66.5%) and perceived the collapse of a church building (26.75%) as the most common emergency associated with churches due to uncontrolled crowds (40.25%). The respondents (30.25%) revealed that discussing possible emergencies in the church is the most effective measure of emergency preparedness. In conclusion, individual emergency preparedness can be improved through changing attitudes and knowledge, which can be developed through continuous dissemination of information and engaging congregants in disaster drills and exercise to improve their experience.
Studies in Humanities
Maryam Milani Fard; Amir Mohammad Milani Fard
Abstract
A woman may be able to relieve her premenstrual syndrome and diagnose it, meaning that when the symptoms are not severe, "natural methods or general measures to relieve premenstrual syndrome" that include education and awareness, change in diet, vitamin diet and exercise and deep thinking, effectively ...
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A woman may be able to relieve her premenstrual syndrome and diagnose it, meaning that when the symptoms are not severe, "natural methods or general measures to relieve premenstrual syndrome" that include education and awareness, change in diet, vitamin diet and exercise and deep thinking, effectively help her to overcome her syndrome. In fact, even if the woman's symptoms are severe - whether they are difficult to see or weaken the patient - she should treat herself with "natural methods". Recognition of the disease by the patient, spouse, and family members is very important because PMS is a very important cause of couples arguing. A woman who suspects that she has premenstrual syndrome should see a doctor who treats the syndrome. If a woman does not have a menstrual calendar before consulting, her doctor will ask her to record the menstrual calendar for a period of two or three months. The doctor will also take tests. It is at this point that the doctor should inform the woman how she can use the natural way to reduce her symptoms. If natural methods do not reduce the severity of symptoms after a few periods of menstruation, and blood tests show a severe hormonal imbalance, medication should be used. However, the "medical method for relieving the syndrome" should also be applied in conjunction with a natural diet.
Studies in Humanities
Zahra Torabi
Abstract
People with inadequate health literacy are less likely to understand the written and spoken information provided by health professionals and follow the instructions given by them. They also have poorer health conditions and incur higher medical costs. As a result, inadequate health literacy is a global ...
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People with inadequate health literacy are less likely to understand the written and spoken information provided by health professionals and follow the instructions given by them. They also have poorer health conditions and incur higher medical costs. As a result, inadequate health literacy is a global threat today. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to determine the status of health literacy, to determine the relationship between health literacy level and general health status and health behaviors such as the use of medical services and also to adopt preventive behaviors in the behavior of dormitory female students as a vulnerable group. The present study was a qualitative study in which purposeful sampling with maximum diversity was used and 25 students participating in the Islamic Azad University of Yazd were interviewed with open-ended questions. The main method of data collection was semi-structured interviews. By analyzing the findings from all the extracted themes, the main theme of life expectancy was abstracted, which included emotional vacuum, poor economic situation, malnutrition, decreased interpersonal relationships and reduced spiritual growth. Decisions were also made about consumer health behaviors, including self-care and preventive behaviors, nutrition, exercise, sleep and rest, stress management, non-smoking, spiritual growth, and healthy interpersonal communication. The results of this study can clarify the concept of paying attention to students 'health needs for university officials and students in universities to support them in order to maintain and promote health so that more effective steps can be taken to improve students' health in society.
