Original Article
Mehdi Pirhayati; Milad Torkjazi; Iman Tazikeh Lemeski; Monireh Karimi
Volume 7, Issue 4 , October 2018, Pages 341-352
Abstract
Cities and habitations are among the most prominent and tangible effects of human culture, which express many mental and subjective components affected by and resulting from it, by providing objective and perceivable spaces. Islamic cities also were not (and are not) an exception. Islamic cities represent ...
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Cities and habitations are among the most prominent and tangible effects of human culture, which express many mental and subjective components affected by and resulting from it, by providing objective and perceivable spaces. Islamic cities also were not (and are not) an exception. Islamic cities represent a special concept of city. In this concept, Islamic values and attitudes are manifested. Such values and attitudes are evident in construction of urban elements. The results indicate that formation of design principles of Islamic city mainly depend on Islamic values and cultural beliefs rooted in nature of Islamic rules, which also affect various aspects of lives the Muslims, including construction of habitations. In this study, it is tried to investigate the characteristics and physical structure of Islamic city in various periods by a combined library and analytical-descriptive method. Finally, it is concluded that such factors as economic development and social characteristics influenced (and influence) the physical structure of Islamic cities in addition to the attitude of the rulers of each period and the ideology resulting therefrom.
Original Article
Fatemeh Abbasi
Volume 7, Issue 4 , October 2018, Pages 353-561
Abstract
Orooj (ascent) in mysticism means separation of soul from body in complete health and wakefulness. It is a condition that every human normally experiences after death at the end of one's life. A mystic develops a deep level of recognition to Heaven and Hell in the course of his life. ...
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Orooj (ascent) in mysticism means separation of soul from body in complete health and wakefulness. It is a condition that every human normally experiences after death at the end of one's life. A mystic develops a deep level of recognition to Heaven and Hell in the course of his life. In this condition one is able to see with mind's eye the habitants of Heaven and Hell. A person crosses from Elm al-Yaghin to Ain al-Yaghin when he reaches this state. Ain al-Yaghinis a state where one can see with mind's eye what he has knowledge .To some adepts, Orooj meansto reach the first level of Heaven. To some others,Orooj is to reach the second level. This goes on until one reaches the ultimate level or Arsh. The first person who ever reached Arsh was Prophet Mohammad, peace be upon him. When soul returns to a mystic's body, he has full recollection where he went and what he saw. He can rememberin full details what happened in his journey and can give a full account of it. Mystic's soul may take a one day journey through universe. This journey may last longer to take two, three, or more days - sometimes, evenup to forty days.
Original Article
Malihe Khosravi; Roghayeh Yazarloo
Volume 7, Issue 4 , October 2018, Pages 362-367
Abstract
This paper aims to investigate the Effectiveness of mothers’ Group Counseling by means of Ellis’s rational emotive behavior therapy (REBT) in Reducing test anxiety in their children (girls) at Second Grade Secondary School of district 9 of Tehran city. The statistical population ...
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This paper aims to investigate the Effectiveness of mothers’ Group Counseling by means of Ellis’s rational emotive behavior therapy (REBT) in Reducing test anxiety in their children (girls) at Second Grade Secondary School of district 9 of Tehran city. The statistical population entails the entire girl students at Second Grade Secondary School of district 9 of Tehran city(2012-2013) where the sample group was chosen among these students with the sample size equal to 40 students chosen by means of Multi-stage random sampling method put into The two experimental and control groups. The tools used in this paper include Test Anxiety Inventory (TAI) and Spielberger's State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI). Randomized control-group pretest-posttest design has been applied in this paper. At first the individuals were selected as the sample group who had the score in the Test Anxiety Inventory (TAI) with the deviation standard less than mean and then were replaced with two experimental and control groups. The experimental intervention (group counseling by means of Ellis’s rational emotive behavior therapy (REBT)) on the experimental group at 12 sessions in a half hour (one session per week) were applied, and then after this finished post-test can be applied for both groups. To analyze data, in addition to descriptive statistical methods such as mean and standard deviation, the inferential statistic methods like t-test were used. The results from the data analysis showed that mothers’ Group Counseling by means of Ellis’s rational emotive behavior therapy (REBT) in Reducing test anxiety in girl children has helped more in experimental group rather than the control group. The significance level has been taken α<0.05.
Original Article
Malihe Khosravi; Roghayeh Yazarloo
Volume 7, Issue 4 , October 2018, Pages 368-376
Abstract
Introduction: this paper aims to investigate the effectiveness of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) in reducing Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) among female patients affected by this disorder. Using experimental pretest-posttest control group, 40 female patients referred to Karaj city Charity ...
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Introduction: this paper aims to investigate the effectiveness of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) in reducing Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) among female patients affected by this disorder. Using experimental pretest-posttest control group, 40 female patients referred to Karaj city Charity Committee affecting to generalized anxiety disorder under the criteria of the The fourth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM), were randomly selected, and put into two experimental and control groups. The participants answered to the Penn State Worry Questionnaire (PSWQ) and Cattell Anxiety questionnaire. The experimental group received 12 sessions of individual therapy. At the end of treatment and one month after treatment, the participants in both groups answered to both questionnaires. The results of research showed that CBT significantly reduced anxiety in participants who are affected to Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) at the stage of post-test. The results of research show that CBT affects reducing Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD).
Original Article
Ali Reza Zargar; Zahra Nafar
Volume 7, Issue 4 , October 2018, Pages 377-391
Abstract
This research is aimed to study duties of political officials in Islamic political system by means of research questions. The method is descriptive and of library and documentary analysis type. Research findings state that the most important duties of political principals in Islamic political culture ...
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This research is aimed to study duties of political officials in Islamic political system by means of research questions. The method is descriptive and of library and documentary analysis type. Research findings state that the most important duties of political principals in Islamic political culture are: knowledge of political, administrative and governmental standards, avoidance of opinion despotism, selection of honest and talented executives, political recognition of responsibility sphere, visiting people and providing progress reports, respecting clients, avoidance of , political attitude, supporting production and employment, maintenance of Bayt-al-Mal, noticing trading and business and agriculture, noticing people’s livelihood situation, believing in divine sovereignty and its prevalence, prevalence of desired cultures, simple living, justice-orientation and providing safety of officials. Conclusion: the results state that it is essential officials pay attention to mentioned duties of political thought of Islam in Nahj-al-balagha in order to have proper society.
Original Article
Zahra Amini Sarteshnizi; Vaez Mousavi; Mehdi Namazizadeh
Volume 7, Issue 4 , October 2018, Pages 392-398
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the amount of attention to the concepts of physical education in the sixth grade of primary school textbooks. In other words, it is tried to review the identification, distribution and supply concepts of physical education in primary school textbooks in this study. ...
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The aim of this study was to investigate the amount of attention to the concepts of physical education in the sixth grade of primary school textbooks. In other words, it is tried to review the identification, distribution and supply concepts of physical education in primary school textbooks in this study. The study population consisted of all content of sixth grade elementary textbooks and in this study the sample was equal to the entire population of the study. So that all parts of the book, including text, picture and activities at the end of lessons were chosen as the study sample. Totally, 199 cases were referred to the physical education components. Of these, 39 cases were related to the content of textbooks and 147 cases were related to the images of textbook and 13 cases were related to the activities at the end of book.
Original Article
Shima Aminoroaya karladani; Mostafa Najafi; Farzaneh Taghyan
Volume 7, Issue 4 , October 2018, Pages 399-404
Abstract
Autism is a developmental disorder that is characterized by abnormal communicative behaviors, along with restricted interests and repetitive behaviors. Symptoms of this disorder appear before the age of three and its main reason has not been known yet. Prevalence of this disorder is triple among men ...
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Autism is a developmental disorder that is characterized by abnormal communicative behaviors, along with restricted interests and repetitive behaviors. Symptoms of this disorder appear before the age of three and its main reason has not been known yet. Prevalence of this disorder is triple among men compare to women, it has a long course, and poor prognosis. This study aims to investigate the impact of Xbox and Kinect game consoles on weight changes and cognitive changes in autistic children. It was a semi-experimental research and was done with pre-test and post-test in two experimental and control groups. Subjects included 30 autistic children chosen randomly and by convenience sampling. Tools for data collection were measurement scales and CPT test. In order to analyze the data, the Wilcoxon test and analysis of covariance and t-test were used. The results showed that the Xbox and Kinect game console affect on weight loss and increased attention of autistic children. Xbox and Kinect game consoles affect on reducing the reaction time of autistic children.
Original Article
Boyuk Tajeri
Volume 7, Issue 4 , October 2018, Pages 405-411
Abstract
Depressive mood with apathetic and sadness is one of outcomes addiction treatment and study of decreasing implications has fully necessary. In this research aim was study of Effect of Problem Solving Skill Training on Happiness and Coping in Addicts. In a Quasi-experiment design, after diagnosis of under- ...
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Depressive mood with apathetic and sadness is one of outcomes addiction treatment and study of decreasing implications has fully necessary. In this research aim was study of Effect of Problem Solving Skill Training on Happiness and Coping in Addicts. In a Quasi-experiment design, after diagnosis of under- treatment addicts with low happiness, by multi stage random cluster sampling 60 subjects assigned to II groups ( experimental & control). Groups before and after intervention and follow up (3month) measured by using Oxford Happiness Inventory & Coping Style questioner. Experimental group instruct by PSCT. Data analyzed by covariance analysis, Pearson r, analysis of variance with repeated measures, dependent t test. There was statistical significant difference between means of two groups in all stages of instruction (happiness: Eta= 24/0), (cognitive style: Eta=0/ 31). In follow-up stage, experimental group show higher happiness and cognitive style. Hypotheses of research accepted. There was relationship between cognitive style (0/57) and Separate Style (0/47) and increasing happiness level. In addition, there was negative meaningful relationship (with 0/99 confidence) between emotional style (-0/41) & avoidant style (-0/35) and decreasing happiness. Happiness and cognitive coping style of experimental group increased after participate to instruction. Using more from cognitive and separate style will result to higher happiness level. Using more from emotional and avoidant style will result to lower happiness level.
Original Article
Samaneh Darbandi; Alireza Naderi
Volume 7, Issue 4 , October 2018, Pages 412-425
Abstract
Small industrial firms have proper innovation abilities due to potential changes. In this paper, the innovation capacity of 107 active small enterprises located in industry towns and vicinal of Kerman city has been investigated and analyzed. The results of research indicate that the innovation capacity ...
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Small industrial firms have proper innovation abilities due to potential changes. In this paper, the innovation capacity of 107 active small enterprises located in industry towns and vicinal of Kerman city has been investigated and analyzed. The results of research indicate that the innovation capacity in small enterprises in statistical viewpoint has reverse relation with the debit to sell ratio and has no meaningful relation with annual expenditure in research and development (R&D) activities and employee’s education level. In other hand, the relationship between the manager's education level and firm's innovation capacity are examined. Finally, based on the findings, have proposed some approaches to enhance the ability of SMEs to successfully design the innovation processes.
Original Article
Ali Ahmadalizadeh; Nader Karimian Sardashti
Abstract
Pars Sea has witnessed critical events that have affected the history of Iran, some positively and some negatively. Babylonians and Assyrians called Pars Sea as the lower sea (in the direction of Mesopotamia downstream). This sea was called Pars Sea on the inscription from Darius Ierafound along ...
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Pars Sea has witnessed critical events that have affected the history of Iran, some positively and some negatively. Babylonians and Assyrians called Pars Sea as the lower sea (in the direction of Mesopotamia downstream). This sea was called Pars Sea on the inscription from Darius Ierafound along the connecting channel between Nile River and Suez Canal. The naming of Pars Sea stemmed from being the connecting waterway to Pars Gulf inland or Iran. Achaemenid Dynasty who ruled Pars extended its reign from Mediterranean on the west to Indian Sea, Send River, and Pamir Plateau on the East. The north part of their territory included the area from Black Sea to Lake Baikal including Khawrezm and Khazar on the North. Neighborly relation with India strengthened the economic, political, and cultural relations of the two countries. Pars Sea served as the main waterway betweenEastandwest. This waterway was sometime referred as Silk Waterway. This article is a discussion of Iran-India maritime relations through Pars Sea.
